The invention discloses a cloud terminal management and control method based on a variable secret key national cryptographic algorithm, and the method comprises the following steps: performing key negotiation with the server through a cloud terminal to generate a session variable secret key; enabling the cloud terminal to send a virtual machine request after key negotiation, enabling the server togenerate a virtual machine according to the type of the cloud terminal, and writing a network access control rule set at the background into network access control equipment; enabling the cloud terminal to establish a communication session with the generated virtual machine, generating a message authentication code attached to the data load, performing the encryption, and sending the encrypted data to the server; decrypting the data after the virtual machine receives the data, and verifying whether the message authentication code is correct or not through comparison. The communication encryption and anti-tampering services of the cloud terminal and the server are provided, and the method is suitable for the occasions where a cloud terminal is weaker in computing capability, and the identity verification and encrypted transmission of the cloud terminal and the server are required because a loading business is sensitive to some degree or has the clear information safety requirements,.