The invention discloses a seed discharging device for precise seeding of a rice breeding plot, the seed discharging device comprises a seed discharging casing (1), and a seed box tray (8) is arrangedabove the seed discharging casing (1), an air suction casing (2) is arranged below the seed discharging casing (1); as shown in Fig. 4, the lower end surface of the seed discharging casing (1) is provided with a seed filling chamber (12) and a seed conveying chamber (13), the seed conveying chamber (13) is in communication with the seed filling chamber (12), a seed feeding port (15) is disposed below the conveying chamber (13), a seed unloading plate (16) is further disposed below the seed filling chamber (12); the upper end surface of the seed discharging casing (1) is provided with a grooveslide rail (10) and a seed inlet (11), and the top end of the groove slide rail (10) is arranged as a convex structure. The seed discharging device can realize the rapid seed replacement of differentmaterials by the means of the seed filling manner of the air suction seed discharging device, can realize simultaneous seed cleaning and single-seed precision seeding, thereby improving the working efficiency breeding and seeding in the plot.