The invention provides a lubricating cooling system. The lubricating cooling system comprises a mounting assembly, a high-pressure shaft assembly, a low-pressure shaft assembly and an oil spraying nozzle assembly, wherein the high-pressure shaft assembly comprises a high-pressure shaft and a high-pressure shaft bearing; a first oil hole is formed in the high-pressure shaft bearing; a second oil hole is formed in the low-pressure shaft bearing; the oil spraying nozzle assembly is arranged in the mounting base, and communicates with the oil inlet; the oil spraying nozzle assembly can simultaneously spray lubricating oil to the high-pressure shaft bearing and the low-pressure shaft bearing, so that lubricating oil separately enters the high-pressure shaft bearing and the low-pressure shaft bearing through the first oil hole and the second oil hole; while lubricating cooling efficiency of the high-pressure shaft bearing and the low-pressure shaft bearing is guaranteed, one oil spraying nozzle assembly can simultaneously perform cooling lubricating on the high-pressure shaft bearing and the low-pressure shaft bearing, so that complexity of the lubricating cooling system structure can bereduced, lubricating cooling efficiency is improved, and the structure dimension of the lubricating cooling system is reduced, and therefore, weight of the aircraft engine is relieved. The inventionfurther provides the gas turbine.