The invention provides a control system for article passage for a machine and tool warehouse and an article passage, and belongs to the technical field of machine and tool storage management. The control system comprises a distance sensor, a storage box, a plurality of identification module, and a controller, wherein the distance sensor is used for detecting the height of articles passing throughthe article passage; the storage box comprises a marking module, which is used for marking information of the articles of the storage box; a plurality of the identification modules which are respectively disposed on the inner side of the side wall of the article passage for identifying the marking module to obtain the information of the articles when the storage box passes through the article passage; the controller is respectively connected with the distance sensor and a plurality of the identification modules and is used for obtaining the height through the distance sensor, calculating the number of layers of the storage boxes according to the height; starting at least one of a plurality of the identification modules according to the number of layers; acquiring the information of the articles through at least one identification module; associating the information of the articles with the serial number of the machine and tool warehouse to generate storage information; and uploading the storage information to a database of the machine and tool warehouse.