The invention discloses a low resolution multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) hybrid precoding system. The system includes a transmitter and a receiver; the transmitter performs digital precodingon a transmitting signal through a digital precoder, the transmitting signal can be converted into a low resolution digital signal through a sending quantization module and into a simulation signal through a low resolution DAC chip, simulation precoding can be performed through a simulation precoder after frequency conversion on a radiofrequency chain is performed, and finally, the transmitting signal can be sent by a transmitting antenna; and the receiver receives a receiving signal through a receiving antenna, simulation merging can be performed by a simulation merging module, the receivingsignal can be converted into the digital signal through a low resolution ADC chip after the frequency conversion on the radiofrequency chain is performed, and converted into a high resolution digitalsignal through a receiving quantization module, and finally, digital demodulation can be performed through a digital merging module. The system and method can configure low resolution DAC and ADC chips by ensuring that the system performance losses are in a reasonable range, and therefore, system power consumption, costs and complexity can be effectively reduced.