The invention relates to the field of audio and video processing equipment, and specifically relates to an audio and video processing system based on big data. The system comprises a dust collection structure, a plurality of mounting boxes, a guiding structure, a transmission structure, a draught fan, a limiting structure, sealing structures, first driving structures, a base and wiring holes; thedust collection structure for collecting dust and guiding air and the transmission structure for guiding are arranged on the base; the plurality of mounting boxes for mounting an audio and video processing device are arranged at a top end of the base, and the plurality of mounting boxes are linearly distributed on the transmission structure; the draught fan for dissipating the heat in cooperationwith the dust collection structure is arranged at the top end of the transmission structure; the sealing structure is arranged between two adjacent mounting boxes; the first driving structures used for driving the mounting boxes and cooperatively used with the transmission structure are arranged on the mounting boxes; and the wiring holes for wiring are formed in the mounting boxes. According to the audio and video processing system provided by the invention, the dust in the air can be conveniently accommodated due to the arrangement of the dust collection structure, as the plurality of mounting boxes are arranged on the transmission structure, the space utilization efficiency is improved, and the overhaul and maintenance efficiency of the audio and video processing equipment is higher.