The invention provides a construction method of a mouse lung cancer model. The method includes the steps of: S1, taking C57BL/6J wild-type mice of 6-8 weeks old, performing adaptation for 1-2 weeks, then putting the mice into a main cabinet of an inhalation exposure cabinet for benzopyrene exposure with the condition parameters of: 5d/week, 5-8h/day, a benzopyrene exposure concentration of 9-12microg/m<3>, and stopping feeding of the mice and allowing free drinking during the exposure; and S2, performing exposure for 23-28 weeks, thus obtaining the mouse lung cancer model. The invention belongs to the field of biotechnology. The method provided by the invention causes no artificial damage to the original structure of the lung, also does not cause infection or other interferences, conformsto the actual environmental exposure way of the human body, can better reflect the actual occurrence of lung cancer in the human body, and is beneficial to the development of lung cancer-related therapeutic drugs.