The invention provides an abnormity positioning method and device. The method comprises the following steps: detecting the working state for controlling an execution node by background management equipment, and controlling the background management equipment to perform data reading and writing at a background server when the working state is abnormal; if the data reading and writing cannot be realized, judging a data cloud processing process of the background server to be abnormal; if the data reading and writing is realized successfully, controlling the background server to transmit instruction data to gateway equipment; if the instruction data cannot be transmitted to the gateway equipment, positioning abnormal situations on the background server or the gateway equipment based on gatewaymanagement equipment; and if the instruction data are successfully transmitted to the gateway equipment, controlling the gateway equipment to transmit the instruction data to a wireless network coordinator; and if the instruction data cannot be transmitted to the wireless network coordinator, positioning the abnormal situations on the gateway equipment or the wireless network coordinator based onthe gateway management equipment. The method provided by the invention can quickly position the abnormal situations in an Internet of Things system and improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of the operation and maintenance personnel.