The invention provides a project communication transfer device and a system, wherein the device comprises a communication transfer box, the communication transfer box comprises a communication input end, a first communication output end and a second communication output end; the communication input end is used for connecting a communication cable, and the communication cable is connected with a security monitoring instrument; the first communication output end is used for connecting an information acquisition instrument, and the second communication output end is used for connecting an external access equipment line; and the communication transfer box is used for switching on the connection between the communication cable and the second communication output end when external access equipment access to the second communication output end. The device and the system provided by the invention have the beneficial effects of being simple and convenient in middle measuring, efficient and having no damage to transmission lines.