The invention discloses a rod climbing device with a barrier function. The rod climbing device comprises a foundation pillar, and a first hoop, a first active lifting roller, a direction rotating roller group, a second hoop, a driven lifting roller, a second active lifting roller and a third hoop sequentially arranged along the length direction of the foundation pillar. The components are driven by respective corresponding electric push rods to press a rod body and leave the rod body; the first, second and third hoops are also driven by a steering gear or a self-locking DC gear motor to surround the rod body and be away from the rod body; the first and second active lifting rollers are further driven by a reduction motor to move up and down along the rod body, wherein the openings of the first hoop and the second hoop are oriented in the same direction, the opening of the third hoop is oriented to an opposite direction, and two bull eye universal balls are arranged at the position of each hoop near a tail end, wherein the first hoop, the second hoop and the third hoop are sequentially opened in the climbing process to keep away from obstacles. The device can realize the obstacle crossing function in the climbing process.