The invention discloses a ceramic alloy coating and a coating layer, wherein the coating includes a ceramic solid phase component, a metal solid phase component and a liquid phase component; the ceramic alloy coating is characterized in that the ceramic solid phase component includes high-hardness oxide ceramic powder, high-emissivity non-metallic oxide ceramic powder and lamellar structural silicate powder; the metal solid phase component includes high-toughness metal fibers and high-thermal-conductivity metal powder; the liquid phase component is one of a liquid silicate inorganic binder, aliquid phosphate inorganic binder and a liquid sol inorganic binder, the strength and toughness of the ceramic coating layer can be effectively improved. Moreover, the preparation method is simple andis prone to promotion and application.