The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic preparation, in particular to a ceramic product with high cold resistance and high heat resistance and a preparation process thereof. The ceramic product comprises a blank body, a heat insulation layer and a glaze material, wherein the blank body is prepared from 42 parts of olivinite, 8 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 13 parts of quartz, 15 parts of clay, 26 parts of molybdenite, 15 parts of melting aids, 20 parts of spodumene, 13 parts of mullite, 11 parts of sodium feldspar and 9 parts of calcium metasilicate; the heat insulation layer is prepared from 22 parts of glass fiber powder, 15 parts of rock wool powder, 9 parts of sodium silicate and 3 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate; the glaze material is prepared from 23 parts of mullite, 35 parts of Kaolin, 15 parts of spodumene, 17 parts of potash feldspar and 7 parts of clay. The preparation process comprises the following steps of proportioning, blank pulling, biscuiting, heat insulation layer coating, glazing and firing. The ceramic product produced by the process has the advantages of high mechanical intensity and strong thermal shock resistant performance.