The invention discloses a space microphone positioning method based on a sound source array and relates to sound wave application. Cooperation of multiple position lines determined by path differencemeasuring is utilized to determine position of a signal source, and online positioning of a microphone in three-dimensional space is realized by utilizing sound signals of four sound sources and fixeddistance between a reference microphone and each sound source. The method includes steps: subjecting the sound sources to quaternary three-dimensional array distribution; arranging the reference microphone; marking a to-be-positioned microphone; using a microphone positioning unit to position spatial position of the to-be-positioned microphone. By the method, the defects that signal collection istroublesome in operation and low in efficiency, only offline calculation is supported, online estimation of microphone position cannot be realized and position estimation of spatially distributed microphones cannot be realized due to the fact that position estimation is performed only on planar microphone arrays are overcome.