The invention discloses a calibration device and method based on trinocular visions system of statistics characteristics. The calibration device of the trinocular vision system based on the statisticscharacteristics is composed of a visible light camera calibration surface and an infrared camera calibration surface; the calibration method of the trinocular vision system based on the statistics characteristics comprises the following steps: simultaneously shooting multiple groups of image sequences by the trinocular vision system with uninocular infrared and binocular visible light from multiple angles; firstly calibrating a binocular visible light camera; and then extracting a quasi-circle communication region in an infrared image by using gray statistics characteristics; and fitting a center point of the quasi-circle communication region according to the statistics characteristics; and replacing a right-eye image chessboard angular point by using the infrared center point, and performing secondary binocular calibration with the left-eye visible light image; and finally accomplishing the collaborative calibration of the trinocular vision system by using the geometric relation. Theprecise calibration of the trinocular vision system is realized, the operation is convenient, and the practical value is high.