The invention belongs to the fields of recovery and utilization of waste heat, and provides a device and a method for recovery of the waste heat from medium-and-high-temperature solid powder. The device comprises a feed hopper, rotary sealing discharge valves, a vibrating waste heat recovery unit, air feeders, a cyclone dust collector, a feed storage tank, a control unit and a detection unit, wherein the lower part of the feed hopper is connected with a solid powder inlet of one end of the vibrating waste heat recovery unit through a rotary sealing discharge valve; the outlet of the other endof the vibrating waste heat recovery unit is connected with the feed storage tank through a rotary sealing discharge valve; the upper end of the vibrating waste heat recovery unit is provided with a hot air outlet which is connected with the cyclone dust collector through a hot air pipeline; and the lower end of the vibrating waste heat recovery unit is provided with air distribution plates and connected with cold air pipelines and the air feeders. The device realizes fluidization of the medium-and-high-temperature solid powder under the action of an airflow, directly contacts with cold air toexchange heat, is highly-efficient and rapid to exchange heat, can adjust the speed of blanking by adjusting the rotating speed of a drive motor for the rotary sealing discharge valves and the vibrating waste heat recovery unit, controls the time of exchanging heat, improves the speed of exchanging heat, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and strong applicability.