The invention discloses a multi-field infrared radiation observation device and method. The device includes a case body holing samples; the front of the case body is provided with an infrared observation window; the inside of the case body forms a containing cavity for limiting the samples through a lateral loading device, an axial loading device and a front and rear restraint device, so that thebidirectional loading and three-way restraint of the samples can be realized; the front of the infrared observation window is provided with an infrared thermal imager, and the infrared thermal imagerfaces to the containing cavity; the lateral loading device is provided with acoustic emission probes, a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor; the axial loading device is provided with a fluid channel and water leaking holes; and the front and rear restraint device includes an infrared observation window sealing block, a front side fixing block and a rear side fixing block. The problem that infrared radiation information of the surface of the samples cannot be directly observed in traditional penetration experiments can be solved; simultaneous monitoring of physical quantities such as stress and strain, permeability, acoustic emission and infrared radiation during the loading (unloading) of samples can be realized; and experiment conditions can be provided to research the infrared radiation response mechanism and permeability characterization of damage evolution of mining coal and rock.