The present invention discloses a distributed temperature measurement optical fiber depth calibration method, device and system. The method comprises the steps of: tripping an optical fiber into a well with an oil pipe, when the oil pipe is put to location short circuit, heating the optical fiber at the lower-end position of the location short circuit at a well port, and employing a fiber demodulator to demodulate a measured depth value corresponding to a heating position; continuously tripping into the oil pipe, and after the tripping of the oil pipe is completed, obtaining magnetic positioning signals and a natural gamma curve; based on the magnetic positioning signals and the natural gamma curve, determining a standard depth value corresponding to the lower-end position of the locationshort circuit; and taking the difference of the measured depth value at the lower-end position of the location short circuit and the standard depth value, wherein the depth at any one point on the optical fiber is difference between the measured value demodulated by the fiber demodulator and the correction value. The distributed temperature measurement optical fiber depth calibration method, device and system can achieve depth calibration of the corresponding position of the optical fiber so as to ensure the depth accuracy of the optical fiber temperature measurement at an oil layer section.