The disclosure provides a wireless power receiving device, a wireless power supply device, and a wireless power transmission system. The wireless power receiving device includes: a conversion unit that converts an alternative magnetic field into a reception voltage that has a voltage value corresponding to an amplitude of the alternative magnetic field; a power receiving circuit that generates a stabilized voltage with a fixed voltage value based on the reception voltage, and outputs an output voltage corresponding to the stabilized voltage via an output line; and a communication circuit thatreceives the stabilized voltage as a power-supply voltage to perform the data communication; the power receiving circuit includes a protection circuit that restricts an upper limit of the reception voltage to a first voltage value in the communication mode, and restricts the upper limit to a second voltage value higher than the first voltage value in the power supply mode.