The invention relates to a dynamic-electrostatic-deposited compounded natural-material-simulated porous microcarrier and a preparation method. The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials or biological composite materials and discloses a natural-material-simulated porous microcarrier, capable of being applied to the fields of culture of soft and hard tissue of human bodies,tissue engineering micro-tissue construction, human body tissue repair, cell amplification and drug release, and a preparation method thereof. Natural materials comprise chitosan, nano-cellulose, animal protein, plant protein, polyamino acid, polypeptides and the like. The simulated porous microcarrier is prepared by a dynamic electrostatic deposition method through subjecting nano-cellulose to deflocculating treatment and subjecting protein to dissolving, centrifuging and low-temperature precipitation treatment. The dynamic-electrostatic-deposited compounded natural-material-simulated porousmicrocarrier and the preparation method have the beneficial effects that the simulated porous microcarrier is prepared by in-situ dynamic electrostatic deposition through simulating ingredients and structures of extracellular matrixes, so that the simulated porous microcarrier has good biocompatibility and good mechanical properties and has the capability of promoting cell activity. According tothe method, a cross-linker is not used during the preparation of the simulated porous microcarrier, so that cytotoxicity resulting from a remaining cross-linker is avoided.