The invention provides a bed load deposition simulation experiment device and method. A water absorption ball for simulating bed load is additionally arranged two glass plates in parallel in an experiment water tank, the two glass plates are controlled to swing leftwards and rightwards by a power device, so that the water absorption ball moves with swinging of the glass plates, the stress environment during the bed load deposition process is simulated, the swinging time of the glass plates is not limited, the moving time of the bed load due to influence of shearing stress is also not limited,the time scale limitation of bed load deposition rule research is further broken through, the bed load deposition process is simulated very well, the experiment data is more accurate, and the influence of a fluid velocity field on the bed load deposition rule is favorably researched.