The invention provides a neodymium ion doped vanadate crystal laser. The neodymium ion doped vanadate crystal laser comprises an excitation source, a focusing system, a laser resonant cavity and a laser dielectric crystal. A neodymium ion doped vanadate crystal serves as the laser dielectric crystal; a diode laser emitting a laser with the central wavelength being 808 nm or 880 nm serves as the excitation source; the laser resonant cavity is composed of an input cavity lens and an output cavity lens, and the input cavity lens and the output cavity lens are plated with suitable film structuresto obtain output of a laser at the waveband of 1123-1300 nm; and the laser dielectric crystal is located between the input cavity lens and the output cavity lens, and the excitation source, the focusing system and the laser resonant cavity are sequentially arrayed along a light path. The neodymium ion doped vanadate crystal laser only refers to the laser effect, an emission spectrum is expanded through the electron-phonon coupling effect in the neodymium ion doped vanadate crystal, and the neodymium ion doped vanadate crystal laser has the advantages of being low in laser threshold value, highin conversion efficiency, simple in design and the like.