The invention discloses a novel wallpaper printing roller device. Roll shafts are arranged on both ends of a roller, and a roller shell is in splined connection with the roller; a first positioning structure is arranged on one end of the roller, and a second positioning structure is arranged on the other end of the roller; the first positioning structure and the second positioning structure are respectively clung to the end surface of the roller shell so as to axially fix the roller shell; the second positioning structure comprises stop blocks, limiting shafts, lantern rings and fastening assemblies; the lantern rings rotatably sleeve the roll shafts; a plurality of stop blocks are uniformly and circumferentially distributed on the circumferential surfaces of lantern rings and are in swingconnection with the lantern rings, and the swing axes are parallel to the axes of the lantern rings; chutes penetrate through the stop blocks, and the limiting shafts pass through the chutes and areperpendicularly and fixedly arranged on the end surface of the roller; and the stop blocks swing along with the rotation of the lantern rings and slide relative to the limiting shafts along the chutes, and when the stop blocks are abutted with the end surface of the roller shell, the lantern rings are fixed to the roll shafts by the fastening assemblies. Compared with the prior art, the roller shell is flexibly and conveniently installed.