The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater positioning and discloses a submarine optical positioning beacon system with a self-generating capability, which is formed by an array composed of multiple underwater beacons. Under effects of ocean current, the rotation of a runner drives a motor to rotate; when an underwater rover moves near a certain underwater beacon, a COMS sensor ofthe underwater beacon detects the light of the underwater rover to turn on an LED light set; the COMS sensor of the underwater rover analyzes the light kind of the LED light set and converts the lightto digital information; the underwater rover analyzes the digital signals to obtain the position; each underwater beacon has an independent generating assembly, the ocean current is used for generating, and the working time of the beacon is greatly improved; the LED light set of the underwater beacon is not always in a working state, the LED light set works only when the COMS sensor detects the target which needs to be positioned is near the beacon, the position information is fed back through light, and thus, the power consumption of the system can be reduced, and the working time of the system is increased.