The invention relates to a novel vertical air separation device, and belongs to the field of threshing and redrying equipment in the tobacco processing industry. The novel vertical air separation device comprises a conveying air duct, an air separation bin, air separation discharging mechanisms, a discharge opening, an air inlet, a draught fan, a transmission net, an air uniform plate and a negative pressure pipeline. Accordingly, by arranging at least two air separation discharging mechanisms and the transmission net connected with the discharge opening in the three-dimensional space from topto bottom, by means of one-time ventilation, multiple tobacco leaf materials with different specifications can be selected through air separation as needed, and then the material processing time is shortened and the material moisture and temperature loss are reduced; meanwhile, broken materials are reduced, and the quality of the materials is guaranteed; the device has the advantages of being high in space utilization rate, low in equipment energy consumption and low in noise.