The invention discloses a treatment method for improving antibacterial performance of a wool fabric. The treatment method comprises the following steps: (1) pre-treating; (2) preparing an antibacterial treatment solution; (3) carrying out immersion and modification treatment; and (4) carrying out drying treatment. The antibacterial rate of the finally-treated wool fabric on escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus reaches 98 percent or more, so that the wool fabric has very strong market competitiveness and a high application value.