The invention relates to a civil engineering structure anti-vibration test device, which comprises an experiment box, wherein an opening is formed in the bottom surface of the experiment box, a base is arranged under the experiment box, the bottom surface of the experiment box is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the base, a strip-shaped through groove is formed in the top surface of the experiment box, observation windows are formed in front and rear sides of the experiment box, the inner walls of the observation windows are fixedly provided with transparent tempered glass, the top surface of the base is fixedly provided with a buffer plate, the buffer plate is located in the experiment box, a transverse installation plate is arranged above the buffer plate, the bottom surface of theinstallation plate and the top surface of the buffer plate are fixedly connected by means of a plurality of vertical buffer rods. The civil engineering structure anti-vibration test device is reasonable in structural design and convenient to use, can conveniently adjust an angle of a fan so as to adjust an air blowing angle, can adjust the distance between the fan and a test piece, can realize one-way vibration by means of one motor, can further realize multi-directional simultaneous vibration, and can adjust the magnitude of vibration amplitudes, thereby being capable of simulating the actualenvironment and improving the precision of test data.