The embodiment of the invention provides a feedback-type energy transmission optical fiber and an optical fiber energy transmission system and device. The feedback-type energy transmission optical fiber comprises a sensing feedback optical fiber core and at least one set of energy transmission optical fiber cores, wherein the energy transmission optical fiber cores are used for transmitting optical energy, the sensing feedback optical fiber core is used for transmitting feedback information, and the feedback information is used for representing nonlinear disturbance generated by the energy transmission optical fiber cores in the process of transmitting the optical energy, thereby realizing the feedback for the nonlinear disturbance generated in the optical fiber energy transmission process, and thus laying a foundation for taking corresponding measures in allusion to the nonlinear disturbance to reduce influences imposed on the transmission efficiency of high-power laser by the non-linear effect in the energy transmission optical fiber.