The invention discloses a molybdenum-disulfide-based long-range-medium-loaded hybrid plasma waveguide comprising a low-refractive-index substrate layer, a low-refractive-index buffer layer, a sulfidelayer and a ridge layer that are laminated in sequence from bottom to top. The shapes and sizes of contact end surfaces of the low-refractive-index buffer layer and the low-refractive-index substratelayer are consistent; the areas of the contact end surfaces of the sulfide layer and the low-refractive-index buffer layer are smaller than the area of the upper surface of the low-refractive-index buffer layer and gaps are formed between the edges of the contact end surfaces of the sulfide layer and the low-refractive-index buffer layer and the corresponding edge of the upper surface of the low-refractive-index buffer layer; and the areas of the contact end surfaces of the ridge layer and the sulfide layer are smaller than the area of the upper surface of the sulfide layer and gaps are formedbetween the edges of the contact end surfaces of the ridge layer and the sulfide layer and the corresponding edge of the upper surface of the sulfide layer. With the waveguide, the localization constraints are enhanced and the propagation distance is extended; basic unit devices are provided for a surface plasma excitation circuit; and the large-bandwidth ultra-fast data transmission is realized.