The invention provides a rotary liquid metal current limiter comprising a current limiter body. An outer electrode in the current limiter body sleeves the outer side of an inner electrode; and a closed annular chamber for carrying liquid metal is formed between the outer electrode and the inner electrode. The rotary liquid metal current limiter has the following beneficial effects: with the innerand outer electrodes, the gap between the inner and outer electrodes is filled with liquid metal and the gap between the inner and outer electrodes is set to be a closed cavity by insulated sealing; apermanent magnet pair is arranged on the insulated sealing; an annular baffle is arranged inside the cavity and thus divides the cavity into two parts to place the liquid metal; with an external magnetic field, the liquid metal rotates in a formed flowing channel, so that the heat dissipation capability is improved; impurities caused by arcing at a through hole of an insulating baffle can be taken away while the liquid metal rotates; and under the centrifugal force effect, the liquid metal at the inner side of the insulating baffle enters the outer side of the insulating baffle through the through hole of the insulating baffle, so that the dual current limiting effect is realized.