The invention provides a vacuum cleaner speed adjusting method, device and speed adjusting system and a storage medium. The vacuum cleaner speed adjusting method includes: acquiring pollution information of a vacuum cleaner, wherein the pollution information is used for indicating the pollution status of a filter screen of the vacuum cleaner relative to the pollution status of the environment within the predetermined range of the vacuum cleaner; adjusting the rotating speed of a fan of the vacuum cleaner according to pollution information. With the speed adjusting method of the vacuum cleaner,the pollution information of the vacuum cleaner is detected, whether the amount of dust on the filter screen is accumulated to a certain extend compared with the amount of dust in the surrounding environment can be known, the rotating speed of the fan of the vacuum cleaner is adjusted according to the pollution information, the fan of the vacuum cleaner can adjust the rotating speed flexibly according to the pollution condition of the filter screen of the vacuum cleaner, and the problem that the fan of the vacuum cleaner running at a constant speed with setting speed in an existing vacuum cleaner can cause low dust collection efficiency of the vacuum cleaner is solved.