The invention discloses an online transport state monitoring device and method for a transformer. The device comprises a transport state parameter collection unit and an information processing unit; the transport state parameter collection unit comprises different types of sensors and a data collection module; the sensors collect different state parameters of the transformer in the transport process in real time, and the parameters are collected by the data collection module; the information processing unit is arranged in the far end, and is in wireless communication with the transport state parameter collection unit; and the information processing unit is used to receive and process collected state parameter data in real time, compares the data with preset thresholds, confirms a monitoring state, and raises alarm against abnormal conditions. Via the method and system, the problem that the damage risk of the transformer cannot be monitored in real time in the transport process of transformer equipment is solved, alarm can be raised timely according to abnormal data obtained by monitoring, a terminal prompts a user, and the transport state of the transformer equipment can be monitored in whole course.