The invention discloses a charging drop model experiment device and method. The basic principle is that a charging drop experiment device and method corresponding to different drop heights are built according to the gravitational potential energy equivalence principle, thereby effectively reducing the actual drop height, greatly reducing the operation difficulty, and achieving the real-time and quantitative measurement of the performance parameters of a sample. The device is high in universality, is low in cost, is simple in operation, can meet the requirements of the drop experiment of gunpowder and explosive loading, and provides a technical guarantee for the charging design.