The invention relates to a quality control method of flos carthami Xiaoyao pills and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine quality control. Kaerophyllin in flos carthami, bighead atractylodes rhizome and radix bupleurum marginatum in a prescription is subjected to qualitative identification by adopting a thin-layer chromatography, so that the medicine quality of is effectively controlled. A test proves that the method has high accuracy and sensitivity and a wide detection range, and can be used as a conventional method for detecting the quality of the flos carthami Xiaoyao pills.