The invention discloses a power station heat dissipation structure and a power station, and relates to the technical field of power station heat dissipation. The power station heat dissipation structure comprises a silent outer cover and a cooling fan. A first installation space and a second installation space mutually communicating with each other are arranged in the silent outer cover, the firstinstallation space is used for installing engines, and the second installation space is used for installing a generator. The engines, the generator and the silent outer cover are jointly enclosed toform an air-flow passage, and the air-flow passage communicates with an inner passage of the generator. An opening is further formed in the silent outer cover, and communicates with the inner passageof the generator. A plurality of through holes are further formed in the silent outer cover, and communicate with the air-flow passage. The cooling fan, the engines and the generator jointly use a transmission shaft, and the cooling fan can guide the air flow to successively flow through the through holes, the air-flow passage, the inner passage of the generator and the opening. The power stationadopts the power station heat dissipation structure. According to the power station heat dissipation structure and the power station, the noise can be lowered, and the costs can be saved.