The invention discloses a high-spatial-resolution ultrasonic nerve regulating method and a system thereof. The method comprises the steps of acquiring a target area of an operating object; acquiring afirst least sound intensity of an ultrasonic energy transducer when a nerve regulating effect exists on the condition of no biological micro-nano material in the target area; acquiring a second leastsound intensity of the ultrasonic energy transducer when the nerve regulating effect exists on the condition of existence of the biological micro-nano material in the target area; injecting the biological micro-nano material in the operating object in an injection manner; aggregating the biological micro-nano material in the target area in a micro-nano operating manner; and by means of the ultrasonic energy transducer, and performing ultrasonic nerve regulation on the target area by means of the sound intensity between the first least sound intensity and the second least sound intensity. According to the method or the system, an ultrasonic nerve regulating effect can be generated in a micro-nano material aggregating area through relatively low ultrasonic sound intensity, thereby reducingan ultrasonic nerve regulating threshold and greatly improving spatial resolution in traditional ultrasonic nerve regulation.