The invention relates to the technical field of wood veneer dyeing and discloses an air circulation system and a waste gas recovery device of a wood veneer smoking device. A box with an open end and awater pump are involved. One side of the box is rotationally connected with a box door matched with a box opening through hinges. One side of the box fixedly communicates with a reagent feed pipe. One end of the reagent feed pipe extends into the box and is fixedly connected with a spray nozzle. An opening of the spray nozzle faces upwards. The other end of the reagent feed pipe extends to the outside of the box and is fixedly connected with a water outlet end of the water pump. A reagent barrel is arranged on one side of the water pump. A water inlet end of the water pump is fixedly connected with a reagent guide pipe. One end of the reagent guide pipe fixedly communicates with the reagent barrel. Two opposite vertical inner side walls of the box are fixedly connected with first ventilation pipes correspondingly. The two first ventilation pipes are arranged symmetrically. According to the air circulation system and waste gas recovery device of the wood veneer smoking device, a smoking reagent can fully react with wood veneer, the working efficiency is improved, and waste gas can be recovered conveniently.