The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment and relates to a method for treating sulfolane wastewater. The method comprises the following steps: treating wastewater and an extraction agent in an extraction tower or a mixer-settler to obtain an extract phase and a raffinate phase; recycling the raffinate phase; rectifying the extract phase, recovering the extraction agent at the top of the tower, cooling and recycling, and recovering at the tower bottom to obtain sulfolane, wherein the extraction agent is one or more ingredients selected from a group consisting of halogenated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and an ester compound, preferably one or more ingredients selected from a group consisting of dichloromethane, trichloromethane, dichloroethane, benzene, chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene and ethyl acetate. The method has advantages of simple process, convenient operation, energy conservation and high efficiency. The extraction agent can be recycled; the extraction rate of sulfolane and the purity of the recovered sulfolane are both greater than 99%; the content of sulfolane in the treated wastewater is less than 50 mg/L, and the sulfolane can be recycled to achieve zero discharge of wastewater.