The invention discloses a prefabrication and installation method of phenolic compound air duct based on BIM platform, which comprises the following steps: collecting drawings and applying Revit software to establish a three-dimensional model; the three-dimensional model is imported into Naviswork software, the pipeline of the three-dimensional model is arranged comprehensively, the net height is checked, and the pipeline of electromechanical specialty is optimized. The design drawings of the optimized air ducts are obtained, and the prefabrication of phenolic composite air ducts and plugging accessories is realized. After the prefabricated air duct enters the site for inspection, the air duct connection is carried out, and the air leakage and cold bridge plugging treatment are carried outat the flange connection of the air duct; after passing the comprehensive inspection, the hoisting of the air duct shall be completed. The invention can remarkably save energy, save phenolic compoundair duct plate, avoid air leakage and cold bridge at the air duct connection, and has no air pollution and health hazard caused by on-site blanking, cutting and bonding during installation, thereby reducing production cost and ensuring installation quality, and ensuring on-site safety of the constructor. It has a broad prospect of popularization and application.