The invention discloses a vacuum plate adsorption mechanism of an oblique vertical type plate collecting and placing machine. The vacuum plate adsorption mechanism comprises a vertical moving structure, a horizontal moving structure and a vacuum suction cup structure. The vacuum suction cup structure comprises a suction cup frame and a plurality of suction cups fixed to the suction cup frame. A first adsorption layer, a second adsorption layer, a third adsorption layer, a fourth adsorption layer and a fifth adsorption layer are sequentially arranged on the adsorption surface of each suction cup from outside to inside and provided with a plurality of first adsorption units, a plurality of second adsorption units, a plurality of third adsorption units, a plurality of fourth adsorption unitsand a plurality of fifth adsorption units correspondingly, wherein the first adsorption units, the second adsorption units, the third adsorption units, the fourth adsorption units and the fifth adsorption units are distributed in an annular array mode. The roughness of the first adsorption layers, the roughness of the second adsorption layers, the roughness of the third adsorption layers, the roughness of the fourth adsorption layers and the roughness of the fifth adsorption layers are increased sequentially. According to the vacuum plate adsorption mechanism, through improvement for the suction cup structure in the plate adsorption mechanism, one-by-one stable conveying of PCBs can be maintained, and the appearance of the PCBs is not affected.