The invention discloses a temperature measuring system for a water-cooled copper crucible, which comprises a copper crucible composed of a plurality of split bodies, each split body is separately provided with a water-cooled channel. The outer wall of each split body is separately provided with a boss, and each boss is separately provided with a threaded through hole communicated with the corresponding water-cooled channel; each threaded through hole is separately provided with a heat conducting screw which is in threaded fit with the threaded through hole, each heat conducting screw is lockedinto the corresponding threaded through hole, the heat conducting screw penetrates the corresponding threaded through hole, and the gap between the heat conducting screw and the corresponding threaded through hole is filled with a heat insulating sealant; the outer end of each heat conducting screw is separately connected with a temperature sensor, and each temperature sensor is separately connected to a temperature monitoring apparatus. According to the temperature measuring system for the water-cooled copper crucible, the water temperature in the water-cooled channel of each split body canbe independently detected.