The invention proposes a target motion parameter estimation method for a random frequency hopping radar, and solves the problem that the existing speed measurement scheme has a long accumulation time,a large calculation amount and a poor anti-noise performance. The method comprises the main steps of: designing a waveform parameter for transmitting a random frequency hopping signal and receiving atarget echo; preprocessing digital signals; preprocessing the slow time sampling vector; constructing a difference frequency vector group; constructing a Doppler domain generalized Fourier transformmatrix group; carrying out the generalized Doppler transform and non-coherent processing; carrying out motion compensation processing; and carrying out the coherent integration of distance dimensionsand de-redundance processing to obtain a one-dimensional range profile with the correct target in the plurality of range gates. According to the target motion parameter estimation method for the random frequency hopping radar, a set of dimension decreasing difference frequency vectors are constructed from the target echoes, generalized Doppler processing is performed on each difference frequency vector, and an estimated value of the target radial velocity can be read in the generalized Doppler spectrum after non-coherent integration. The method is short in accumulation time, small in calculation amount and good in anti-noise performance, and is used for target detection and pulse accumulation of the random frequency hopping radar.