The invention discloses a multistation welding fume collection and purification device which is characterized in that dust collectors are connected with dust hoods in each station by a dust collectionmain pipe through a plurality of dust collection branch pipes and hoses, and the dust collection branch pipes are arranged on movable supports and connected with the dust hoods by the hoses; the movable supports are arranged on plant columns of each station and are cantilevers which swing horizontally, and wire feeders and wire coiling frames are arranged on the movable supports; the welding fumeinhaled by the dust hoods enters the dust collectors by the dust collection branch pipes connected with the hoses through the dust collection main pipe and is exhausted out of the plants after beingfiltered by the dust collectors. Compared with the prior art, the multistation welding fume collection and purification device has the advantages that the device can move along a welding gun, the welding fume produced during welding operation of multistations is effectively collected, the fume concentration of the steel structure during manufacturing is reduced, the working environment of the welding operation is improved, the dust collection efficiency is high, and the pollution problem of the welding fume is solved.