The invention discloses a preparation method of a YAl1-xMxO3 (M equals Fe, Co and Cu) nano-pigment. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, at normal temperature, taking deionized water, stirring on a magnetic stirrer, sequentially and completely dissolving moderate ferric nitrate, aluminum nitrate and yttrium nitrate into the deionized water according to the molar ratio ofY to Al to Fe, and adding succinic acid as a stabilizer to obtain a solution A after the raw materials are completely dissolved; secondly, after a substance in the mixed solution A is completely dissolved, dropwise adding ammonium hydroxide and adjusting a pH value of the solution A to obtain a solution B, and then adding 1,2-propylene glycol into the solution B to obtain a mixed solution; and thirdly, stirring the mixed solution in the second step on a 60 DEG C thermostatic magnetic stirrer for 2 hours until the solution forms gel, and then drying, grinding and calcining to obtain solid powder. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is green and pollution-free; an obtained product has the advantages of high dispersity, low energy consumption, uniform particles, excellent environment friendliness, low synthetic temperature, simple and controllable process, suitability for large-scale production and the like.