The invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an efficient acid industrial wastewater treatment device which comprises a precipitation device, a filtering device, an acid-base neutralization system and a harmful ion filtering system. Wastewater sequentially passes the precipitation device, the filtering device, the acid-base neutralization system and the harmful ionfiltering system, treated wastewater is changed into recyclable harmless water, the precipitation device comprises a precipitation chamber, a precipitation rotating switch and a precipitation discharging valve, the filtering device comprises a screen brush, a filter screen, filtering impurity outlet valve, a precipitation water inlet, a flushing water inlet valve, a stopper, a filtering screen shell switch, a filtering screen shell, a filtering cavity and a back flushing pump, the acid-base neutralization system is used for neutralizing acidic materials, and the harmful ion filtering system comprises an artificial bio-film, a harmful ion filtering cavity, a filtering water outlet and a filtering water outlet valve. The wastewater treatment device has a plurality of function modules, the filtering system and the acid-base neutralization system can effectively filter wastewater solid substances and sufficiently neutralize acid wastewater, and the system is efficient and reliable.