The invention discloses a two-way anchoring device comprising a releasing mechanism, an unlocking mechanism, an anchoring mechanism and a base clamp locking mechanism. The releasing mechanism includesan upper joint (1), a sliding sleeve (2), a first shearing pin (3) and a steel lifting ball (4). The sliding sleeve (2) is arranged inside the upper joint (1); and the upper joint (1) is fixedly connected with the sliding sleeve (2) by the first shearing pin (3). A tapered hole is formed in the lower upper part of the upper joint (1); and the steel lifting ball (4) is arranged in the tapered hole. On the basis of the releasing structure, anchoring is realized reliably; the structure is simple; the process requirement of the small-diameter cased well can be met; or special needs can be met bymatching other tools.