The invention relates to a self-gas-filling type gas collection device. The self-gas-filling type gas collection device comprises a gas filling bag. The gas filling bag comprises a bag body and a gasfilling mechanism which are connected through a hose. The bag body is made of an aluminum foil material. A gas outlet pipe is arranged at the rear side of the bag body. A gas inlet pipe is connected to the gas filling mechanism and provided with a front one-way valve. Gases can enter the bag body only through the gas inlet pipe. A rear one-way valve is arranged in the gas outlet pipe. The self-gas-filling type gas collection device achieves gas filling through repeated extrusion conveniently and quickly. The design of the front and rear one-way valves allows the gases to be squeezed only fromone side to the other, thereby bringing convenience to replacing the gases in the bag body.