The invention discloses a landslide simulation test method for flood prevention and emergency drilling. The method comprises the steps of step 1, building of a landslide simulation test device, step 2, construction of a landslide model, step 3, saturation of an earth material, step 4, landslide simulation test, wherein a horizontal locking state of a movable steel plate is relieved, a part of earth material located above the movable steel plate slides into a recovery tank along the cambered surface of the recovery tank and the upper surface of the movable steel plate to form a landslide; a slope body after sliding down is a sliding-down slope body, the outer slope ratio of the sliding-down slope body is 1:0.7; step 5, landslide flood prevention and emergency drilling, and step 6, restoration of the landslide model. The landslide simulation test method for flood prevention and emergency drilling has the advantages that a landslide dangerous circumstance can be achieved on site, emergency drilling of levee crown deloading, levee foot ballasting and other engineering measures is carried out during landslide occurrence and development, and the risks are controllable during emergency drilling, thereby not causing casualties; the landslide model can be rapidly restored after drilling is completed, the manpower, material resources and financial resources of later maintenance are greatly saved, and the test has repeatability.