The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a frequency response centralized control method based on model predictive control. Including: for thermal power units to carry out research, using analytical methods to describe the dynamic process of frequency response of units in each region of the interconnected power network, analysis of the working principle of each module of the unit, the establishment of each unit governor, steam turbine, generator, PID controller four module models, the frequency response of each module dynamic model analytical expressions; Transforming the existing frequency response control from decentralized control to centralized control; To quickly restore the system frequency to its rated value; The model predictive control is used to adjust the output of the model predictive controller, regulate the valve opening of the governor, and change the output of the unit according to the centralized control input signal of the real-time computer group control signal. Under the premise of guaranteeing the safety constraint of the system operation, the invention improves the ability of the system to intercept the frequency drop, reduces the occurrence of accidents such as low-frequency load shedding and disconnection, and improves the frequency stability ability of the system under the large disturbance.