The invention provides an anti-freezing structure for a tunnel project in a permafrost region. The structure comprises a plurality of anti-freezing tubes and a plurality of cold and heat exchange tubes. A plurality of anti-freezing tubes are transversely arranged in a tunnel lining structure in an arch shape and are located between a preliminary support and a waterproof layer, a plurality of anti-freezing tubes are longitudinally arranged along a tunnel, and a gap is arranged between two adjacent anti-freezing tubes. The plurality of cold and heat exchange tubes are radially distributed alonga cross section of the tunnel, one end of each of the cold and heat exchange tubes communicates with one side of each of the anti-freezing tubes close to the waterproof layer, and the other end passesthrough a surrounding rock melting circle to extend into a deep frozen soil area. Both the anti-freezing tubes and the cold and heat exchange tubes are closed structures and are loaded with mediums for cold heat exchange. According to the anti-freezing structure for the tunnel project in the permafrost region, the cold and heat exchange between the deep frozen soil area and the surrounding rock melting circle can be quickly achieved, therefore, the ice melting phenomenon of a surrounding rock is improved, and the surrounding rock can be kept frozen to solve the problem of diseases in the tunnel project of the permafrost region.