The invention discloses a high-voltage cable floating object intelligent obstacle clearing system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a remote control device, an obstacle clearing module and a distance measuring module. The obstacle clearing module and the distance measuring module are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body. The obstacle clearingmodule comprises a control module, a fuel storage module, a fuel conveying module, a nozzle and an ignition device. The fuel delivery module delivers fuel from the fuel storage module to the nozzle under the control of the control module; An ignition device is arranged at the front end of the nozzle and is connected with the control module; The control module is wirelessly connected with the remote control device; The ranging module detects the distance and direction between the floating object and the UAV body, and is connected with the control module, and the nozzle can rotate under the control of the control module. The invention adjusts the distance between the UAV body and the floating object by observing the data transmitted back by the distance measuring module, adjusts the direction of the nozzle so that the nozzle is aimed at the floating object, sprays fire to make the floating object burn, and realizes obstacle clearance. The utility model has the advantages of low cost, intelligent operation and maintaining the safety of power network operation and maintenance personnel.